Introduction
Introduction
Sources
Primary Sources
Secondary Sources
Bibliograpy
Primary Bibliography
Secondary Bibliography
Online Bibliography
Resources
Chronology
Lists
Maps
About the Site
Copyright
Scholar
Year | Event | Source |
---|---|---|
804 | First mention of town of Schleswig in public records. | Lonely Planet, 873. |
845 | Bremen becomes an Archbishopric. | Westholm, 36. |
860 | Iceland discovered by Norwegian Vikings. | Kinder, 131. |
915 | Hungarian (Magyar) raiding in north-western Germany. | Kinder, 168. |
948 | Bishoprics of Ripen (Ribe), Aarus, and Schleswig established. | Kinder, 163. |
982 | Greenland discovered by Norwegian Vikings. | Kinder, 131. |
983 | Great uprising of the Slavs leads to the German loss of many areas east of the Elbe river. | Kinder, 143. |
1000 | Archbishopric founded at Gnesen (Gniezno) in Poland. | Kinder, 143. |
1008 | Olaf Skutkonung becomes first Swedish ruler to be baptized. | Kinder, 163. |
1023 | City wall of Magedeburg completed. | Dollinger, 14. |
1054 | Russia, unified under Kiev since 882, dissolves into principalities, including Novgorod. | Kinder, 133. |
1074 | Revolt of citizens of Cologne against the Archbishop of Cologne. | Dollinger, 14. |
1075 | Bergen created a market town by King Olav Kyrre of Norway. | Gade, 24. |
1104 | Creation of the Archbishopric at Lund. | Dollinger, 6. |
1120 | Record of Norwegian vessels calling at Utrecht and being admitted without customs dues. | Gade, 7. |
1124 | Otto s mission to the Slavs of Pomerania. | Dollinger, 11. |
1127 | Otto s second mission to the Slavs of Pomerania. | Dollinger, 11. |
1130 | Cologne merchants granted the right to reside in London, a right (at that time) denied to merchants from Tiel and Bremen. | Dollinger, 6. |
1131 | Construction begins on Johanniskirche in Magdeburg. | Lonely Planet, 334. |
1134 | Cathederal of St. Peter erected in Schleswig. | Lonely Planet, 874. |
1138 | Pirates from Rugen Island sack and raze Old Lubeck. | Gade, 12. |
1143 | Count Adolphus of Schauenburg and Holstein founds Lubeck six miles up the river from the site of Old Lubeck. | Gade, 12. |
1151 | Stendal receives its municipal charter. | Westholm, 74. |
1155 | Norway sends ambassador to England. | Gade, 5. |
1157 | Fire destroys Lubeck. | Gade, 14. |
1157 | Men of Cologne granted privileges at London. | Cave, 221. |
1158 | Norway sends ambassador to England. | Gade, 5. |
1158 | Henry the Lion founds the third Lubeck. | Gade, 14. |
1160 | Population estimate of Stettin in 1160: 5,000. | Dollinger, 17. |
1160 | Bishopric of Oldenburg transfered to Lubeck. | Dollinger, 21. |
1160 | Henry the Lion conquers Mecklenburg, making the Polish princes his vassals. | Lonely Planet, 383. |
1160 | Town of Schwerin established. | Lonely Planet, 395. |
1161 | Peace between early Gotlanders and the Germans as well as grants of privilege to the Gotlanders in German towns. | Dollinger, 24. |
1161 | First mention of Rostock as an early Danish settlement. | Lonely Planet, 384. |
1163 | Norway sends ambassador to England. | Gade, 5. |
1163 | Germans promulgate self-governing laws for their colony at Visby. | Gade, 11. |
1164 | Meeting of bishops at Bergen demands right to select the Norwegian king. | Kinder, 163. |
1168 | Rugen Island, previously Slavic, conquered by Denmark. | Kinder, 163. |
1170 | Bishopric of Bergen established. | Gade, 27-28. |
1173 | First grant of privilege to Lubeck merchants in Sweden. | Schildhauer, 36. |
1173 | Henry the Lion lays the first stone for the town s Cathederal. | Lonely Planet, 868. |
1175 | Cologne merchants gain right to trade freely throughout all of England. | Dollinger, 39. |
1176 | Men of Cologne granted freedom from wreck in England. | Cave, 223. |
1180 | Muhlhausen receives it municipal charter. | Westholm, 50. |
1180 | Trial of Henry the Lion (1178-1180) by imperian court concludes with him being stripped of his lands and titles. | Kinder, 165. |
1184 | Pomerania, previously Slavic, is conquered by Denmark. | Kinder, 163. |
1185 | Magdeburg receives municipal charter. | Westholm, 70. |
1186 | King Sverre of Norway gives a speech inviting the English to trade, but complaining about the greedy German traders, though they too were still invited. | Gade, 31. |
1186 | Imported German wine leads to civil disruptions in Bergen, causing King Sverris of Norway to reject German trade. | Oye, 11. |
1189 | Treaty grants (reciprocal) privileges to Gotland and Novgorod and Germans. | Dollinger, 26. |
1189 | Bremen receives municipal rights. | Westholm, 36. |
1189 | Hamburg receives municipal rights and exemption from Elbe tolls. | Lonely Planet, 831. |
1194 | Richard the Lionheart of England grants Cologne merchants the right to travel throughout England. | Schildhauer, 17. |
1199 | A Cistercian monastery existed in Greifswald. | Lonely Planet, 408. |
1200 | Estimates place population of Bergen at 5,000. | Gade, 25. |
1201 | Denmark conquers Lubeck. | Gade, 14. |
1201 | Founding of the city of Riga. | Dollinger, xi. |
1203 | Lubeck merchants granted market privileges for Skanor and Falsterbo by the Danish crown. | Cave, 223-224. |
1209 | Stade receives its municipal charter. | Westholm, 58. |
1209 | Construction begins on Magdeburg s Cathederal. | Lonely Planet, 335. |
1210 | Gottingen receives municipal charter. | Westholm, 68. |
1214 | German territories east of the Elbe river ceded by Frederick II to Waldemar II of Denmark. | Kinder, 173 |
1216 | Town council created in Cologne. | Dollinger, 14. |
1217 | King Henry III of England letter/treaty with Norwegians for open trade and commerce between the two countries. | Gade, 6. |
1218 | Rostock receives its municipal charter. | Westholm, 73. |
1219 | Danish forces occupy Estonia and Christianize the area. | Westholm, 116. |
1223 | Lubeck town seal first cut. | Lloyd, |
1224 | Records of ships bringing grain and malt to Lynn from Groningen and Stavoren. | Gade, 8 |
1224 | City of Dorpat founded and made a Bishopric. | Dollinger, 28. |
1225 | Treaty between Denmark and Lubeck allows for Lubeckers to buy and sell at South Swedish markets. | Gade, 15. |
1225 | Lubeck merchants granted expanded market privileges for Skanor and Falsterbo by the Danish crown. | Cave, 223-224. |
1225 | Construction begins on Gustrow s cathederal. | Lonely Planet, 400. |
1226 | Lubeck regains its independence from Denmark and gains status as a free imperial city by Frederick II. | Gade, 14. |
1226 | Frankfurt/Oder founded. | Westholm, 68. |
1226 | Construction begins of Marienkirche at Lubeck. | Lonely Planet, 868. |
1226 | Golden Bull of Rimini instructs Teutonic Knights to conquer heathen Prussia. | Kinder, 173. |
1227 | Hanse victory over Denmark at Bornhoved. | Dollinger, xi. |
1227 | Braunschweig given municipal rights. | Westholm, 35. |
1229 | Commercial treaty of trade privileges granted to German merchants by the Prince of Smolensk. | d Haenens, 184. |
1229 | Extensive trade privileges and treaty granted to German merchants at Novgorod. | Cave, 226-231. |
1230 | Kampen joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 81. |
1230 | Legal codes of Hamburg and Lubeck aligned. | Thatcher, 609-610. |
1230 | Construction begins on Lubeck town hall (Rathaus). | Lonely Planet, 867. |
1231 | Pre-Hanse Riga under the Teutonic Knights grants a house to the merchants of Lubeck. | Cave, 232. |
1233 | Thorn receives it municipal charter. | Westholm, 130. |
1234 | City of Stralsund founded. | Dollinger, 32. |
1234 | Stralsund receives municipal charter. | Westholm, 59. |
1237 | Henry III of England exempts men of Gotland from all customs dues in English ports. | Dollinger, 39. |
1238 | Danzig founded and probably granted Lubeck law. | Dollinger, 32. |
1239 | Perleberg receives it municipal charter. | Westholm, 53. |
1241 | Hamburg and Lubeck agree to protect the roads between them from bandits, etc. | Gade, 13. |
1241 | Wesel receives its municipal charters. | Westholm, 75. |
1241 | Mutual protection pact between Hamburg and Lubeck. | Cave, 233. |
1242 | Lubeck and German Baltic territories jointly agree to safeguard their surrounding lands. | Gade, 15. |
1243 | Stettin adopts Magdeburg law. | Dollinger, 32. |
1245 | Bishopric of Riga raised to an Archbishopric. | Dollinger, 28. |
1245 | Lemgo receives municipal charter. | Westholm, 46. |
1246 | Germany s first hospital, the Hospital of the Holy Ghost, is established in Lubeck. | Lonely Planet, 869. |
1247 | Lubeck pirates attacked Norwegian merchants who were heading for Visby and Scania. In response, King Haakon Haakonsson siezed German ships in Bergen. | Gade, 32. |
1248 | King Haakon Haakonsson writes to Lubeck Council demanding reparations for a Lubeck pirate attack on Norwegian merchants in 1247. | Gade, 34. |
1248 | Haakon IV of Norway writes a letter to Lubeck begging for grain shipments to avert a famine. | Dollinger, 38. |
1248 | Lubeck fleet sacks Copenhagen. | Westholm, 103. |
1248 | Town of Neubrandenburg founded. | Lonely Planet, 401. |
1249 | Stralsund sacked by a Lubeck fleet. | Dollinger, 46. |
1250 | King Haakon Haakonsson sends two letters to Lubeck Council asking for ships to come and deliver needed goods. | Gade, 9. |
1250 | King Haakon IV concludes treaty with Lubeck Council which became the basis for German dominance of Norwegian trade. | Gade, 9. |
1250 | Norway-Lubeck treaty ends diplomatic conflict. | Gade, 35. |
1250 | Founding of the city of Stockholm. | Dollinger, xi. |
1250 | Greifswald receives municipal chater. | Westholm, 68. |
1251 | Renewal and extension of Lubeck s privileges in Sweden. | Schildhauer, 36. |
1252 | Privileges granted to Hanse in Flanders. | Dollinger, xi. |
1252 | Northeim receives its municipal charter. | Westholm, 72. |
1253 | Frankfurt/Oder receives municipal charter. | Westholm, 68. |
1254 | League of the Renish Towns formed in west-central Germany. | Schildhauer, 39. |
1255 | Warendorf joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 63. |
1255 | Hamburg and Lubeck align their coinage to a single standard. | Cave, 146. |
1256 | Reconciliation between Lubeck and Stralsund arranged by Wismar. | Dollinger, 46. |
1257 | Town charter granted to Germans (but not Poles) of Krakow. | Dollinger, 31. |
1259 | Treaty joins Lubeck and Baltic/Wendish towns to work together in matters of trade and security, sharing privileges, etc. | Gade, 16. |
1259 | Stralsund, Lubeck, Wismar agree to combat piracy together. | Dollinger, 46. |
1259 | Germans receive a house at Novgorod rather than have to continue to share the Gotland house. | Westholm, 13. |
1259 | Wendish town traders starting to take up winter residence in Bergen. | Oye, 16. |
1260 | Braunschweig joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 35. |
1260 | Construction started on Neubrandenburg s Johanniskirche. | Lonely Planet, 401. |
1261 | Trading privileges granted to men of Hamburg and Lubeck by Swedish king. | Westholm, 16. |
1261 | Privileges of 1251 granted to Lubeck in Sweden now extended to Hamburg. | Schildhauer, 36. |
1263 | Salzwedel joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 56. |
1264 | Mutual defense alliance between Lubeck, Rostock, and Wismar. | Schildhauer, 40. |
1266 | Merchants of Hamburg granted right in England to form a trading association. | Dollinger, 39. |
1267 | Merchants of Lubeck granted right in England to form a trading association. | Dollinger, 39. |
1267 | Second Crusade to the Prussian lands. | Kinder, 168. |
1270 | Hamburg establishes a municipal register of debts. | Dollinger, 164. |
1270 | Uelzen joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 74. |
1270 | Queen Margaret II of Denmark establishes a convent at Rostock. | Lonely Planet, 386. |
1270 | Construction completed on Nikolaikirche in Stralsund. | Lonely Planet, 406. |
1275 | Bremen excluded from Hanse for refusing to participate in the blockade of Norway. | Dollinger, 66. |
1275 | Tangermunde receives municipal charter. | Westholm, 60. |
1275 | Magdeburg joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 70. |
1276 | King Magnus Lagaboter of Norway promulgates new civil and criminal laws. | Gade, 26-27. |
1276 | Lubeck sends two councillors to Norway to advocate for the Germans; King Magnus IV of Norway grants them a letter of privilege giving them a better position than the natives. | Gade, 38. |
1276 | The Urban Code places foreigners on the same footing as natives as regards rights and duties in Norway. | Oye, 16. |
1278 | Greifswald joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 68-69. |
1280 | Transfer of Kontor from Bruges to Aardenburg. | Dollinger, xi. |
1282 | Kontor returns to Bruges from Aardenburg. | Dollinger, xi. |
1282 | Riga joins the Hanse in a compact with Visby and Lubeck. | Westholm, 119. |
1282 | Merchant associations in London of men of Cologne, Lubeck, and Hamburg merge into a single organization. | Schildhauer, 38. |
1282 | Danish Magna Carta requires Danish king to convoke Danehof council to consult on legislation. | Kinder, 163. |
1283 | Anklam joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 65. |
1283 | Demmin joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 67. |
1284 | Alf Erlingson, a Norwegian nobleman turned pirate, captured some German ships. In retaliation the German cities closed their ports to Norwegians and refused to allow export to Norway. | Gade, 41. |
1284 | Flensburg granted municipal rights (i.e. township). | Lonely Planet, 876. |
1284 | Marienkirche in Flensburg completed. | Lonely Planet, 878. |
1285 | Norwegian king offers Germans renewal of their privileges, resulting in the Kalmar Treaty: Norway must return all seized ships, pay a large indemnity, and renew Hanse privileges. | Gade, 41-42. |
1285 | Reval joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 116. |
1286 | Riga establishes a municipal register of debts. | Dollinger, 164. |
1287 | Buxtehude receives its municipal chater and city wall. | Westholm, 38. |
1288 | Stralsund establishes a municipal register of debts. | Dollinger, 164. |
1290 | Slavic language abolished in courts in Magdeburg. | Dollinger, 131. |
1290 | Luneberg establishes a municipal register of debts. | Dollinger, 164. |
1290 | Rostock s Marienkirche is completed. | Lonely Planet, 385. |
1293 | Control of Novgorod Kontor passes from Visby to Lubeck. | Dollinger, xii. |
1294 | Indemnity from 1294 so onerous that Norway had to conclude another treaty ceeding even more privileges to the Germans. | Gade, 42. |
1294 | Paderborn joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 72. |
1295 | King Eirik of Norway promulgates laws banning any union of foreign merchants or any internal laws of foreign merchants. | Gade, 29. |
1295 | Novgorod Kontor bans all credit transactions. | Dollinger, 205. |
1295 | Minden joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 71. |
1298 | Agreement of the towns eliminates seal of the Gotland Community as a legal act. | Dollinger, 44. |
1299 | All trading in Norway restricted to specific trading towns. | Gade, 29. |
1299 | Edward I of England borrows 500 marks sterling from three merchants from Lubeck, Cologne, and Dortmund. | Dollinger, 57. |
1300 | Population estimate for Lubeck: 15,000. Population estimate for Hamburg: 5,000. Population estimate for Danzig: 2000. | Dollinger, 117, 126. |
1300 | Construction started on Friedlander Gate of Neubrandenburg s town wall. | Lonely Planet, 401. |
1301 | Germans taken to task in Bergen for exceeding their privileges by, e.g. trading beyond the city and non-payment of dues. | Gade, 46. |
1301 | Ten leading guildsmen burned alive after uprising in Magdeburg. | Dollinger, 138. |
1302 | Germans forbidden, again, to trade north of Bergen. | Gade, 46. |
1303 | King Edward I of England issued the Charta mercatoria. | Gade, 19. |
1305 | Krakow becomes the seat of the Polish kings. | Westholm, 128. |
1306 | German artisans attempt to stop paying tithes in Bergen. | Gade, 46. |
1307 | Hanse receives its charter from the Count and City of Bruges. | Gade, 20. |
1307 | Transfer of Kontor from Bruges to Aardenburg. | Dollinger, xii. |
1309 | Kontor returns to Bruges from Aardenburg. | Dollinger, xii. |
1309 | Teutonic Knights establish headquarters at Marienburg. | Dollinger, 55. |
1311 | King Edward II of England confirms Hanse s privileges. | Gade, 19. |
1311 | Norwegian court rules against German artisans who had stopped paying tithes in 1306. | Gade, 46. |
1311 | Wismar capitulates after months of siege when she was aided by Rostock and Stralsund to the Duke of Mecklenburg. | Dollinger, 53. |
1311 | German winter residents in Bergen organize trade boycott of local clergy. | Oye, 20. |
1313 | English establish a wool staple at Bruges. | Schildhauer, 42. |
1315 | Famine in Norway, 1315-1316. | Gade, 46. |
1315 | Privileges granted to Hanse merchants in Antwerp. | Dollinger, 315. |
1316 | Recklinghausen joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 73. |
1316 | Norway declares that dried fish could only be exported in exchange for grain, flour, and other heavy goods. | Schildhauer, 36. |
1317 | King Edward II of England expands Hanse s privileges. | Gade, 19. |
1317 | Edward II of England borrows a sum of money from a Dortmund merchant family. | Dollinger, 57. |
1320 | Merchants of Visby issue maritime code. | Gade, 11. |
1323 | Slavs excluded from drapers guild in Brunswick. | Dollinger, 132. |
1329 | Lubeck purchases Travemunde for 1060 marks to control Lubeck s river traffic to the Baltic. | Lonely Planet, 872. |
1329 | Hamburg begins holding annual Hamburg Dom fair. | Lonely Planet, 844. |
1330 | King Magus of Norway rented his place in Vaagsbotn to the shoemakers. | Gade, 31. |
1330 | Magdeburg patrician families lose power to guilds. | Dollinger, 138. |
1332 | Hundreds of Germans, many merchants among them, killed in Scania by Danish malcontents. | Dollinger, 54. |
1338 | Charter which had been issued in 1309 at Bruges is confirmed. | Dollinger, 51. |
1339 | Confirmation of Hanse privileges in England. | Gade, 19-20. |
1339 | Crown jewels of England pawned to Cologne merchant. | Gade, 20. |
1340 | Tension between Germans and Norwegians leads to rioting. | Gade, 47. |
1340 | Konigsberg joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 115. |
1340 | Waldemar becomes king of Denmark. | Bjork, 449. |
1341 | Tension between Germans and Norwegians leads to rioting. | Gade, 47. |
1342 | Confirmation of Hanse privileges in England. | Gade, 19-20. |
1342 | King Magnus Eirikson orderes German out of Bergen. | Gade, 47. |
1343 | Germans return to Bergen after being ordered out in 1342. Privileges restored to 1294 level. | Gade, 47, 51. |
1343 | Danzig adopts Kulm law, derived from the Magdeburg law. | Dollinger, 32-33. |
1344 | Confirmation of Hanse privileges in England. | Gade, 19-20. |
1344 | Crown jewels of England returned by Cologne merchant to whom they were pawned in 1339. | Gade, 20. |
1345 | Confirmation of Hanse privileges in England. | Gade, 19-20. |
1345 | Ordinance laid down that municipal administration in Sweden must be half-Swede, half-German. | Dollinger, 36. |
1345 | Reval sold to Teutonic Knights by Denmark. | Westholm, 116. |
1345 | Narva receives its municipal charter under the Lubeck law. | Westholm, 118. |
1345 | King Magnus Eriksson of Sweden declares that no more than half the seats on any Swedish town council should be held by non-Swedes. | Schildhauer, 37. |
1346 | Visby and Lubeck begin jointly appointing the priest for the church at the Novgorod Kontor. | Dollinger, 100. |
1346 | Estonia acquired by Teutonic Knights from Denmark. | Kinder, 199. |
1347 | Bruges Kontor draws up its constitution. | Dollinger, 51. |
1347 | Edward III of England raises export duty on English cloth, which the Hanse merchants refused to pay. | Dollinger, 189. |
1347 | The Black Death is most active in Greece, Southern Italy, and the Western Balkans. | Kinder, 154. |
1348 | Dukes of Mecklenburg become princes of the Holy Roman Empire. | Lonely Planet, 383. |
1348 | The Black Death is most active in France and Northern Italy. | Kinder, 154. |
1349 | Black Death reaches Norway through English vessels. | Gade, 87. |
1349 | First case of Black Death in Bergen, 1349-1350. | Oye, 20. |
1349 | The Black Death is most active in Spain, England, and Southern and Western Germany. | Kinder, 154. |
1350 | English Merchant Adventurers begin visiting Elbing, Danzig, and Stralsund. | Dollinger, 73. |
1350 | Luneburg grocers exclude Slavs from their guild. | Dollinger, 132. |
1350 | Lubeck Marienkirche completed. | Lonely Planet, 868. |
1350 | The Black Death is most active in the Hanseatic regions of Germany, Scandinavia, Livonia, and Russia. | Kinder, 154. |
1351 | Gottingen joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 68. |
1352 | Norwegian king complains of the behavior of German merchants in Bergen. | Gade, 85. |
1356 | Hansetag confirms constitution of Bruges Kontor and sends embassy to Bruges. | Dollinger, 63. |
1356 | Second outbreak of the Black Death in Bergen. | Oye, 20. |
1356 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1358 | Average size of a Hanse vessel was sixty last. One-hundred last vessels carried 20 men. | Gade, 64. |
1358 | Hanse embargo against Flanders, 1358-1360. | Dollinger, xii. |
1358 | Bremen requests readmission to the Hanse (having been excluded in 1275) and it readmitted. | Dollinger, 66. |
1358 | Embargo against Flanders in effect. | Dollinger, 76. |
1358 | Bremen joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 36. |
1358 | Gardelegen joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 68. |
1358 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1359 | Harvest in the Low Countries especially poor. | Dollinger, 66. |
1359 | Stendal joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 74. |
1360 | Hanse closes the Danish Straits to prevent Prussian smugglers from carrying grain to the Low Countries. | Dollinger, 66. |
1360 | Denmark recovers Scania from Sweden. | Dollinger, 67. |
1360 | Bruges Kontor bans commercial partnerships between Hanseatics and Flemings. | Dollinger, 200. |
1360 | Stettin joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 134. |
1360 | King Waldemar of Denmark makes speech in which he declares his wish to add other lands to the Danish kingdom. | Bjork, 449 |
1361 | Novgorod Kontor obligated to refer important decisions to the home cities. | Gade, 72. |
1361 | Hansetag in Stralsund send letter to Bergen Kontor pleading with them to moderate their behavior with regard to the Norwegians. | Gade, 91. |
1361 | Embassy informs Novgorod Kontor that no internal regulations are to be issued without the consent of Lubeck, Visby, and the three Livonian towns. | Dollinger, 64. |
1361 | Danzig begins attending Hansetag meetings. | Westholm, 126. |
1361 | Hansetag held at Greifswald. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1361 | Denmark conquers Oland. | Bjork, 450. |
1362 | Severe storm carves out inland harbor at Husum, facilitating direct access to the North Sea. | |
1363 | King Edward III of England renews Charta mercatoria. | Gade, 71. |
1363 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1363 | Construction completed of Magdeburg s Cathederal. | Lonely Planet, 335. |
1363 | King Waldemar of Denmark s only son dies. | Bjork, 470. |
1364 | Warburg joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 62. |
1365 | Novgorod Kontor requests confirmation of some drafted regulations by the Kontor from Lubeck. | Dollinger, 64. |
1365 | King Waldemar of Denmark confirms Hanseatic privileges in Danish lands. | Bjork, 452. |
1366 | Hansetag Lubeck declares that only citizens of Hanse towns could enjoy privileges of the Hanse. | Dollinger, 85. |
1366 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1366 | King Waldemar of Denmark negotiates with the Duke of Mecklenburg to make further acquisitions in southern Sweden. | Bjork, 452. |
1367 | Only Hansetag ever held in Cologne forms Confederation of Cologne to combat Danish. | Dollinger, 69. |
1367 | Hildesheim joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 70. |
1367 | Hansetag Stralsund requests that Bergen Kontor tone down its excesses to improve Hanse-Norwegian relations. | Gade, 91. |
1367 | Hansetag held at Cologne. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1368 | During 1368-1369, 120,000 herring were salted in Scania. | Gade, 16. |
1368 | Norway sides with Denmark against the Hanse, and the Hanse withdraws all its merchants from Bergen, Oslo, and Tonsberg. | Gade, 90. |
1368 | Dutch attack Norwegian coastline in alliance with the Hanse cities. | Gade, 92. |
1368 | Einbeck joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 40 |
1368 | Frankfurt/Oder joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 68. |
1368 | Lubeck sacks Copenhagen. | Westholm, 103. |
1368 | Gollnow, near Stettin, joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 133. |
1368 | Hansetag held at Stralsund and at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1368 | Duke of Mecklenburg, the Counts of Holstein, and some Jutland lords meet with Hanse in Wismar to agree on the dismemberment of Denmark. | Bjork, 456. |
1368 | Hanse letter to the Pope explains the towns position against Denmark and asks for his prayers. | Bjork, 457. |
1369 | Lubeck and other towns as well as Prussian and Livonian towns met to set down rules for the Bergen Kontor. | Gade, 68. |
1369 | Norway sues for peace after a Hanse fleet sacks and burns down Bergen. | Gade, 91. |
1369 | Danish fortress of Halsingborg in Scania capitulates to German-Dutch forces and Denmark sues for peace. | Dollinger, 70. |
1369 | Buxtehude joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 38. |
1369 | Hansetag held at Stralsund, at Lubeck, and at Wolgast. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1370 | Peace of Stralsund inposes humiliating terms on the king of Denmak after the Hanse sink a Danish fleet, capture Copenhagen, and the fortresses in the Sound. | Gade, 91-92. |
1370 | Revolt by guilds against the leadership of Cologne brutally repressed. | Dollinger, 139. |
1370 | Hansetag held at Stralsund. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1370 | Teutonic Knights defeat Lithuanians at Rudau. | Kinder, 199. |
1371 | Hansetag held at Stralsund. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1372 | Lubeck statutes strictly forbid the precense of women within the Bergen Kontor. | Gade, 79. |
1372 | Peace following Peace of Stralsund finally signed with Norway by the Hanse. | Gade, 92. |
1373 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1373 | Duke of Mecklenburg reaches agreement with Emperor of HRE to support Emperor in Brandenburg and Mecklenburg s claims in Sweden and Denmark. | Bjork, 472. |
1374 | London Kontor appeals to the towns for aid against the English, whom it claims are infringing on the Kontor s privileges. | Dollinger, 64. |
1374 | Uelzen joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 74. |
1374 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1375 | Hanse excercises its right under the Treaty of Stralsund and selects family with Norwegian ties to succeed King Waldemar IV of Denmark to that throne. | Dollinger, 71. |
1375 | Brunswick excluded from Hanse. | Dollinger, 90. |
1375 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1375 | English merchants address petition to the English King to complain of unfair treatment by Hanseatic merchants. | Postan, 106. |
1375 | Hanseatic delegation travels to London to attempt to obtain exemption for Hanseatic merchants from tunnage and poundage fees. | Postan, 106. |
1376 | Final Hanse-Norwegian peace treaty of Kallundborg cements Hanse dominance in Norway. | Gade, 92. |
1376 | Hansetag held at Stralsund and at Korsor in Norway. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1377 | King Haakon VI of Norway decrees that Lubeck and Stralsund merchants must accept Norwegian coins at full face value. | Gade, 62. |
1377 | In protest of infringments on its privileges, Bruges Kontor secretly instructs all its merchants to leave the city, an edict it issued without consulting the Hanse. | Dollinger, 75. |
1377 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1378 | Braunschweig excluded from the Hanse. | Westholm, 35. |
1378 | Hansetag held at Stralsund | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1379 | First occasion when Dortmund sent a delegate to a Hansetag. | Dollinger, 122. |
1379 | Wendish and Pomeranian towns adopt to Lubeck-Hamburg coinage, which as a result of proponderant Hanseatic influence then extended to most of Scandinavia. | Dollinger, 207-208. |
1379 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1380 | Denmark and Norway are joined as one country. | Gade, 96. |
1380 | Town of Arnhem applies for membership in the Hanse, which was granted in 1441. | Dollinger, 89. |
1380 | Butchers rising in Lubeck. | Dollinger, 286. |
1380 | Braunschweig readmitted to the Hanse. | Westholm, 35. |
1380 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Wismar. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1380 | Hanseatic privileges in England restored. | Postan, 107. |
1381 | Hansetag lays down specific instructions of how to resolve intra-Hanse disputes internally. | Dollinger, 108. |
1381 | Wendish towns address demand to Prussia that English traders should be allowed and tolerated in Prussia. | Postan, 107. |
1381 | Construction begins on Nikolaikiche in Wismar. | Lonely Planet, 392. |
1382 | Hansetag held at Stralsund. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1383 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1384 | Hansetag held at Stralsund and at Falsterbo in Scania. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1385 | Confederation of Cologne, established in 1367, lapses. | Dollinger, 69. |
1385 | Control of Danish fortresses handed back to Denmark after 15+ years under control of German forces from the Confederation of Cologne. | Dollinger, 72. |
1385 | English fleets attacks German ships in the Zwijn, including six Prussian vessels, leading the Teutonic Knights to break off relations between Prussia and England. | Dollinger, 74. |
1385 | Hansetag held at Stralsund and at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1386 | Personal union between Poland and Lithuania. | Dollinger, 284. |
1386 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1387 | Halberstadt joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 69. |
1388 | Hanse trade broken off with England, Novgorod, Flanders. | Dollinger, xii. |
1388 | Embargoes in operation against all of England, Novgorod, and Flanders. | Dollinger, 72. |
1388 | Wendish towns sieze English good housed in the warehouses in Stralsund. | Dollinger, 74. |
1388 | At Lubeck s urging, a blockade of Flanders (including confiscation of Flemish goods) was decided at the Hansetag on the first of May. | Dollinger, 76. |
1388 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1388 | Eventual agreement with England reaffirms all Hanseatic privileges there and English rights in Prussia. | Postan, 108. |
1389 | Queen Margaret of Denmark and Norway conquers all Sweden save Stockholm (which was supplied by the Vitalin Brothers). | Gade, 97. |
1389 | Visby (of the Vitalin Brothers) sacked by the Teutonic Knights. | Gade, 98. |
1392 | Johann Niebur negotiates an end to the embargo (of 1388) that the Hanse had on Novgorod. | Dollinger, 78. |
1392 | Hansetag declares a cessation of all trade with Scania for a period of three years due to the danger of piracy. | Dollinger, 80. |
1392 | University founded at Erfurt, which would become Hanseatic in 1430. | Westholm, 41. |
1392 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1392 | Pirates plunder Visby. | Kinder, 183. |
1393 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Falsterbo. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1394 | Vitalin Brothers pirates ravage Bergen. | Gade, 98. |
1394 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1394 | Astrological clock crafted for Stralsund. | Lonely Planet, 406. |
1395 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Falsterbo. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1396 | Patriciate of Cologne overthrown. | Dollinger, 140. |
1396 | Prussian towns restrict right of residence of English merchants. | Postan, 109. |
1397 | Union of Kalmar brings together the three Scaninavian countries under one crown. | Dollinger, 80. |
1397 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1398 | During 1398-1400, between 200,000 and 300,000 herring were salted in Scania. | Gade, 17. |
1398 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Copenhagen. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1398 | Prussia officially terminates 1388 treaty with England. | Postan, 109. |
1398 | The ceiling of the Marienkirche in Rostock collapses. | Lonely Planet, 386. |
1399 | Ban on Slav-German buisness partnerships forbidden in Riga. | Dollinger, 132. |
1399 | Patriciate of Dortmund overthrown. | Dollinger, 140. |
1399 | Livonian towns ban credit between Russians and their citizens. | Dollinger, 205. |
1399 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Nykoping in Sweden. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1400 | Bergen population estimate at 14,000 with 3,000 of them Germans. | Gade, 74. |
1400 | Population estimate for Rostock: 15,000. Population estimate for Stralsund: 10,000. | Dollinger, 118. |
1400 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Kalmar in Sweden. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1402 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1402 | Prussian towns enforce rules against English merchants trading with foreigners or trading in the interior of Prussia. | Postan, 109. |
1403 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1405 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Falsterbo in Scania. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1405 | Hansetag at Lubeck prohibits trade in English cloth and export of Baltic goods to England. | Postan, 109. |
1405 | English delegation arrives in Prussia to negotiate end to current hostilities. | Postan, 109. |
1407 | Wesel and Duisberg admitted to the Hanse. | Dollinger, 124. |
1407 | Wesel joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 75. |
1407 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1408 | Our Lady s Church (St.Mary s) in Bergen passes to the Germans. | Gade, 82. |
1408 | Overthrow of the patrician regiem in Lubeck between 1408 and 1416. | Dollinger, xii. |
1408 | Treaty between Hanse and England promises English reciprocal rights in Prussia to those enjoyed by Hanse in England. | Postan, 111. |
1409 | Privileges granted to Hanse merchants in Antwerp. | Dollinger, 315. |
1409 | Visby, under the control of Teutonic Knights since 1398, becomes part of Denmark. | Kinder, 198. |
1410 | Defeat of the Teutonic Knights at Tannenberg. | Dollinger, xii. |
1410 | Hansetag held at Hamburg. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1410 | English merchants complain that Prussian towns restricted English right to wholesale and to trade with foreigners. | Postan, 113. |
1412 | Hansetag Luneburg bans any operations of Italian financiers as either bankers or merchants in the Hanse towns, though this rule was poorly enforced. | Dollinger, 191-192. |
1412 | Swedish crown raises taxes on Gotland 10 fold, putting an end to the island s prosperity. | Westholm, 104. |
1412 | Hansetag held at Luneberg. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1413 | Braken joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 66. |
1413 | Hansetag held at Nyborg. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1414 | Danzig reasserts English merchant rights to wholesale, residence, trade with foreigners, etc. | Postan, 113. |
1416 | Patriciate of Danzig overthrown. | Dollinger, 140. |
1417 | Southern German town of Constance refused admission to the Hanse due to being too remotely situated. | Dollinger, 89. |
1417 | Ban on being a citizen of more than one Hanse town at the same time. | Dollinger, 200. |
1417 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Rostock. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1417 | English year of crop dearth leads to increased imports of Prussian supplies. | Postan, 140. |
1418 | Hansetag declares that only Councillors of the towns are competant to represent their towns. | Dollinger, 94. |
1418 | Lubeck officially recognized at a Hansetag as the head of the Hanse. | Dollinger, 107. |
1418 | Patriciate of Breslau overthrown. | Dollinger, 140. |
1418 | Ban on foreign ownership in any part of a Hanse ship and ban on any Hanse merchant owning part of a foreign ship. | Dollinger, 200. |
1418 | Hansetag in Lubeck: 35 towns as well as representatives from the Emperor, the Teutonic Knights, and the Archbishop of Bremen; the dukes of Schleswig and Mecklenburg attended in person. | Dollinger, 289. |
1418 | Muhlhausen joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 50. |
1418 | Steelyard complains to England that its merchants are being charged certain local taxes from which it considered itself exempt. | Postan, 113. |
1419 | Founding of the University of Rostock. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1419 | Conflict between the Hanse and Castile begins and lasts until 1441. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1419 | Mayor of London refuses to appoint an alderman for the Steelyard, in direct contravention of the Steelyard s charter. | Postan, 113. |
1420 | Hansetag held at Stralsund. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1421 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1422 | Lutheranism begins to spread through north Germany. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1422 | Utrecht refused admission to the Hanse due to being too easily controlled by the Dutch. | Dollinger, 89. |
1422 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1423 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1423 | Steelyard addresses petition to new English government to complain about English merchants. | Postan, 114. |
1424 | All Germans in the Novgorod Kontor thrown into prison ; 36 die. | Dollinger, 182. |
1424 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1425 | Hansetag held at Bruges. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1426 | War between Hanse and Denmark begins and lasts until 1435. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1426 | Hansetag forbids sale of ships to foreigners. | Dollinger, 144. |
1426 | Wendish towns declare war on Denmark, a war which lasts nine years. | Dollinger, 296. |
1426 | Hameln joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 43. |
1426 | Helmstedt joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 45. |
1426 | Quedlinburg joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 55. |
1426 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1426 | England appoints an alderman for the Steelyard for the first time in seven years. | Postan, 115. |
1427 | Bremen excluded from Hanse. | Dollinger, 90. |
1427 | War between Denmark and the Hanse. | Postan, 113. |
1428 | Bergen sacked by pirates; goods sold in Hamburg. | Gade, 100. |
1428 | Germans leave Bergen after war breaks out between Wendish towns and the Scandinavian kingdom. | Gade, 100. |
1428 | Prussian leadership agrees that English are entitled to a corporate organization in Danzig. | Postan, 115. |
1428 | Hansetag at Lubeck complains that the sale of boats to English and Dutch merchants was creating competition to Hanseatic shipping. | Postan, 141. |
1429 | Bergen sacked by pirates; goods sold in Hamburg. | Gade, 100. |
1429 | Prussian delegation visits England. | Postan, 115. |
1430 | Northeim withdraws from Hanse due to pressure from Saxony lords. | Dollinger, 90. |
1430 | Hansetag establishes fine for cities which do not send delegates to Hansetag meetings. | Dollinger, 94. |
1430 | Erfurt joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 41. |
1430 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1431 | England imposes tunnage and poundage taxes on Hanseatic merchants. | Postan, 116. |
1433 | In December, England issued a temporary, one-year extension of Hanseatic privileges in England. | Postan, 116. |
1433 | Hussite military campaign in Prussia. | Kinder, 197. |
1434 | Hansetag restricts membership of the Hanse to those who were born in Hanse towns. | Dollinger, 85. |
1434 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1434 | Hansetag delegation to Prussia recieves promise to restrict English trade. | |
1434 | Major Hanseatic delegation dispatched to England and led by Henrich Vorrath, the Burgomaster of Danzig. | Postan, 116. |
1435 | Germans return to Bergen after end of war between Wendish towns and Scandinavian kingdom. | Gade, 100. |
1435 | Peace of Vordingborg concludes Hanse-Danish war which had begun in 1426. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1435 | Peace of Vordingborg, a victory for the Hanse, ends a nine year Wendish-Danish war. | Dollinger, 296. |
1435 | Vorrath delegation in England fails to reach agreement with English. | Postan, 117. |
1435 | Southern facade of north wing of Lubeck town hall (Rathaus) completed. | Lonely Planet, 867. |
1436 | Norwegians, led by some noblemen, revolt against Danish rule, which they see as heavily taxing them: 1436-1439. | Gade, 101. |
1436 | Transfer of Kontor from Bruges to Antwerp until 1438. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1436 | 80+ Germans massacred in Sluys (Flanders), leading to an immediate move of the Bruges Kontor to Antwerp. | Dollinger, 299. |
1436 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1436 | Eidum, largest town on Sylt island, swallowed by the sea in a severe storm. | Lonely Planet, 884. |
1437 | Hanse-English treaty resolves most outstanding disputes, though it is not ratified by Prussia or Danzig. | Postan, 120. |
1438 | War between the Hanse and the Dutch begins and lasts until 1441. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1438 | Kontor returns to Bruges from Antwerp. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1438 | Famine in Flanders raises the price of corn 400%. | Dollinger, 299. |
1439 | King Christopher of Denmark forced to sign a treaty with Hanse to bring order to his own kingdom. | Gade, 102-103. |
1439 | English merchants in Danzig petition the municipality for their rights under the treaty of 1437. | Postan, 124. |
1439 | English year of crop dearth leads to increased imports of Prussian supplies. | Postan, 140. |
1440 | Average size of a Hanse vessel was one-hundred last. One-hundred last vessels carried 20 men. | Gade, 64. |
1440 | English merchants in Danzig petition High Master of the Teutonic Order for their rights under the treaty of 1437. | Postan, 124. |
1440 | Livonian towns complain of the abundance of English cloth in Novgorod and Livonia, which must have come via Danzig. | Postan, 124. |
1441 | Conflict between Castile and Hanse concludes. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1441 | War between Dutch and Hanse concluded by the Peace of Copenhagen. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1441 | Town of Arnhem granted Hanse membership after 61 year application. | Dollinger, 89. |
1441 | Kamped admitted to the Hanse. | Dollinger, 123. |
1441 | Roermnond on the Meuse admitted to the Hanse. | Dollinger, 124. |
1441 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1441 | English merchants petition English King and Parliament to pressure Prussia to recognize rights granted under treaty of 1437. | Postan, 124. |
1442 | Dorpat, Revel, and to a lesser extent the other Livonian towns, take controlling interests in the Novgorod Kontor. | Dollinger, 100. |
1442 | Hansetag held at Stralsund. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1442 | English merchants petition English Parliament to pressure Prussia to recognize rights granted under treaty of 1437. | Postan, 124. |
1442 | England issues ultimatum threatening the annulment of Hanseatic privileges in England if Prussia did not recognize the treaty of 1437. | Postan, 126. |
1445 | All privileges of Hanse renewed. | Gade, 103. |
1446 | Lubeck, Wismar, and Rostock declared staples for Bergen cod. | Dollinger, 298. |
1447 | Visby maritime code codified. | Gade, 11. |
1447 | Hansetag at Lubeck (with 38 towns) empowers the Bruges Kontor s staple by subjecting many commodities to staple rules for the first time. | Dollinger, 300. |
1447 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1447 | Prussian delegation in England, though English refuse to meet. | Postan, 127. |
1449 | In May, England siezes 110 ships, 50 of the Hanse, in the Channel, leading to a confiscation of all English-owned goods in the Hanse towns. | Dollinger, 303; Postan, 127. |
1449 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1449 | English-Hanseatic conference takes place in Lubeck in March. | Postan, 127. |
1450 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Bremen. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1450 | Lubeck captures English ambassadors en route to Prussia in July, putting the ambassadors under arrest. | Postan, 130. |
1450 | Construction completed of Friedlander Gate of Neubrandenburg s town wall. | Lonely Planet, 401. |
1451 | Last embargo against Flanders begins and lasts until 1457. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1451 | Utrecht refused admission to the Hanse due to being too easily controlled by the Dutch. | Dollinger, 89. |
1451 | Lubeck refuses to meet with English delegation in Utrecht. | Postan, 130. |
1452 | Berlin withdraws from Hanse. | Dollinger, 90. |
1452 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1452 | Lubeck refuses to attend conference that the English were trying to organize. | Postan, 130. |
1453 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1453 | Lubeck refuses to attend conference that the English were trying to organize. | Postan, 130. |
1454 | Munster excluded from Hanse. | Dollinger, 90. |
1454 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1454 | Lubeck refuses to attend conference that the English were trying to organize. | Postan, 130. |
1456 | University founded at Griefswald. | Westholm, 69. |
1456 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1456 | Eight-year truce proclaimed between Hanse and England. | Postan, 131. |
1457 | 1451 embargo against Flanders comes to an end. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1457 | Hansetag orders 30 towns to pay a fine for not showing up to Hansetag meetings. | Dollinger, 94. |
1458 | Second capture of the Bay fleet by English under the Earl of Warwick leads to great loss of Hanseatic merchandise. | Postan, 130. |
1459 | Riga stops all foreigners, in this case including Hanse citizens, from trading directly with other foreigners in the territory of Riga. | Dollinger, 294. |
1461 | Schwerte joins the Hanse. | Westholm, 73. |
1461 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1461 | Temporary extension of Hanseatic privileges in England. | Postan, 132. |
1462 | Steelyard calls for suppression of credit finance. | Dollinger, 206. |
1463 | Temporary extension of Hanseatic privileges in England. | Postan, 132. |
1464 | Printing press established in Cologne. | Dollinger, 266. |
1464 | Hanse receives a charter to trade throughout France on condition that they do not trade with England. | Dollinger, 305. |
1464 | Two-towered Lubeck city gate erected. | Lonely Planet, 866. |
1465 | Hansetag held at Hamburg. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1465 | Temporary extension of Hanseatic privileges in England. | Postan, 132. |
1467 | Lubeck indicates to other Hanse towns that it is willing to agree to a negotiation with England. | Postan, 132. |
1468 | Hanse buys house in Antwerp. | Dollinger, 315. |
1468 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1468 | In June, Danish seize and English fleet in the Sound, for which England blames the Hanse despite Danish claims of responsibility. | Postan, 133. |
1468 | England confiscates Hanseatic goods in England and restricts trade, though not those and that of Cologne. | Postan, 134. |
1468 | War between England and Hanse begins, lasting until 1473. | Postan, 134-135. |
1469 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1470 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1471 | Prussians complain, in context of 1468-1474 English-Hanse war, that an embargo of English cloth is impossible to enforce. | Postan, 135. |
1471 | Cologne excluded from the Hanse. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1471 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1472 | Unofficial negotiations between England and Hanse begin in Bruges. | Postan, 136. |
1472 | Astrological clock begins operation in Rostock. | Lonely Planet, 386. |
1474 | 1470 war between Hanse and England comes to an end by the Peace of Utrecht, which confirms German ownership of Steelyard. | Dollinger, 309. |
1474 | Steelyard obtains recognition of its control over German operations in Boston. | Dollinger, 106. |
1474 | Breslau withdraws from the Hanse. | Dollinger, 127. |
1475 | Town of Neuss admitted to Hanse by imperial decree. | Dollinger, 89. |
1475 | Printing press established in Lubeck. | Dollinger, 266. |
1475 | Hanse merchants receive guildhall at King s Lynn in England. | Westholm, 95. |
1476 | Printing press established in Rostock. | Dollinger, 266. |
1476 | Cologne readmitted to the Hanse with heavy fines. | Dollinger, 309. |
1476 | Hansetag held at Bremen. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1477 | University founded in Uppsala. | Kinder, 180. |
1478 | Ivan III of Russia annexes Novgorod. | Dollinger, 284. |
1478 | University founded at Copenhagen. | Kinder, 180. |
1479 | Halle withdraws from Hanse. | Dollinger, 90. |
1480 | Printing press established in Magdeburg. | Dollinger, 266. |
1483 | Perpetual peace agreed between France and Hanse. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1484 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1487 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1487 | Construction completed on Nikolaikirche in Wismar. | Lonely Planet, 392. |
1491 | Printing press established in Hamburg. | Dollinger, 266. |
1491 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Antwerp. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1494 | Livonian cities take over operation of Novgorod Kontor. | Gade, 72. |
1494 | Ivan III closes the Novgorod Kontor. | Dollinger, xiii. |
1494 | Hansetag decides that only the leading towns could determine who was and was not Hanse. | Dollinger, 89-90. |
1494 | Hansetag held at Bremen. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1497 | No English ships pass through the Sound. | Postan, 138. |
1498 | Printing press established in Danzig. | Dollinger, 266. |
1498 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1499 | Hansetag held at Bruges. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1501 | Duke of Burgundy decrees that Hollanders, Frieslanders, and Zealanders are exempt from the Hanseatic staple in Flanders. | Winter, 281. |
1502 | In Battle of Lake Smolina, Teutonic Knights repel Russians. | Kinder, 249. |
1503 | Twenty-one English ships pass through the Sound. | Postan, 138. |
1506 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1506 | University founded at Frankfurt an der Oder. | Kinder, 180. |
1507 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1508 | Treaty reinscribes Hanseatic privileges in Antwerp. | Winter, 281. |
1510 | Lübeck threatens to seize Dutch vessels trading with the Baltic. | Winter, 284. |
1511 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1511 | Hanse complains of infringements of treaty privileges in Antwerp. | Winter, 281 |
1514 | Hanse complains of infringements of treaty privileges in Antwerp. | Winter 281. |
1517 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1517 | Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses, sparking the Protestant Reformation. | Kinder, 231. |
1518 | Salzwedel leaves the Hanse. | Westholm, 56. |
1518 | Berlin-Colln withdraws from the Hanse. | Westholm, 66. |
1518 | Brandenburg withdraws from the Hanse. | Westholm, 66. |
1518 | Frankfurt/Oder withdraws from Hanse. | Westholm, 68. |
1518 | Stendal withdraws from the Hanse. | Westholm, 74. |
1518 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1520 | Bruges Kontor permanently relocated to Antwerp. | Dollinger, 315. |
1520 | Hansetag held at Stralsund. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1521 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1523 | Germans in Bergen sieze documents from the town hall and attack rival merchants (many of Scottish descent) in their homes. | Oye, 27. |
1523 | Hansetag held at Stralsund. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1525 | Hansetag Lubeck draws up instructions for Hanse towns to pass measures against supporters of Luther, but only Hamburg, Rostock, and Luneberg actually act on those instructions. | Dollinger, 320. |
1525 | Secularization of the Teutonic Knights. | Dollinger, 321. |
1525 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1525 | The Great Peasant War is constituted by peasant uprisings in eastern-central Germany, just south of Hanseatic regions. | Kinder, 232-233. |
1526 | Burgomaster in Danzig organized the deposition of the city Council and re-established Catholicism. | Dollinger, 321. |
1530 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1533 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1534 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1535 | Hansetag held at Lubeck and at Luneburg. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1539 | Antwerp Kontor reduced in size to three aldermen. | Dollinger, 315. |
1540 | Discussion at the Hansetag of discontinuing the brutal Bergen games. | Gade, 78. |
1540 | Einbeck destroyed by fire. | Westholm, 40. |
1540 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1544 | Denmark-Norway obtained peace and conciliation from Charles V of HRE, allowing them to support an anti-Lubeck policy in Bergen. | Gade, 118. |
1544 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1544 | Dukes of Gottorf select Schleswig as their residence. | Lonely Planet, 873. |
1547 | English and Dutch shipping to the Baltic roughly equivalent in number of ships. | Postan, 138. |
1549 | Letter from Bergen Kontor defends the brutal Bergen games as important to maintaining discipline among the Kontor members. | Gade, 78. |
1549 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1553 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1554 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1555 | Kampen withdraws from the Hanse. | Westholm, 81. |
1556 | Hansetag creates position of Syndic of the Hanse, its first official leader. | Dollinger, 334. |
1556 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1557 | Hansetag draws up a constitution for the Hanse to which Lubeck, Danzig, Brunswick, and Cologne affixed their seals. | Dollinger, 332. |
1557 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1558 | Ivan IV captures Narva and Dorpat. | Dollinger, xiv. |
1558 | Riga occupied by Russia. | Westholm, 119. |
1558 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1559 | Rights of German artisans in Bergen restricted; about one-third returned to Germany. | Oye, 36. |
1560 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1562 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1563 | Bremen excluded from Hanse. | Dollinger, 119. |
1563 | Bremen excluded from the Hanse for being Calvinist. | Dollinger, 321. |
1565 | Sweden siezes 32 Lubeck ships returning from Narva. | Dollinger, 338. |
1566 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1567 | Hamburg grants privileges to English Merchant Adventurers. | Dollinger, xiv. |
1567 | Ten-year agreement lets the English establish in Hamburg. | Dollinger, 341. |
1567 | Brakel withdraws from the Hanse. | Westholm, 66. |
1567 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1568 | Construction of Hanse s house at Antwerp finished. | Dollinger, xiv. |
1569 | Lubeck fleet attacks then-Swedish Reval, burning or capturing 100 ships. | Dollinger, 338. |
1572 | Hameln leaves the Hanse. | Westholm, 43. |
1572 | Gottingen withdraws from the Hanse. | Westholm, 68. |
1572 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1575 | Hanse company of Spanienfahrer created. | Dollinger, 360. |
1576 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1577 | Bremen readmitted, after 14 years of exclusion, to the Hanse. | Dollinger, 321. |
1577 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1579 | Elbing grants Engliand privilieges. | Dollinger, 342. |
1579 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1580 | Hansetag held at Luneburg | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1581 | Swedish forces occupy Narva. | Dollinger, 338. |
1581 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1584 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1585 | Bruges Kontor officially closed, though in practice it had been operating only in Antwerp for 65 years. | Westholm, 90. |
1591 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1592 | Sweden and Poland briefly (until 1598) united as single country. | Kinder, 249. |
1595 | Flensburg town gate erected. | Lonely Planet, 878. |
1597 | Emden applies for Hanse membership but is denied. | Dollinger, 336. |
1597 | HRE Rudolf II, probably at the instigation of Spain, orders an imperial ban on the English Merchant Adventuers. | Dollinger, 343. |
1598 | Elizabeth I closes the London Steelyard. | Dollinger, xiv. |
1598 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1599 | King Christian IV of Norway observes brutal Bergen games and is heartily amused. | Gade, 78-79. |
1599 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1600 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1601 | Stade excluded from the Hanse. | Dollinger, xiv. |
1601 | Stade excluded from the Hanse for having granted privileges to the English. | Dollinger, 336. |
1601 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1602 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1603 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1603 | Husum granted official municipal rights (i.e. township). | Lonely Planet, 880. |
1605 | Number of aldermen at Bergen Kontor reduced to one. | Oye, 25. |
1605 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1606 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1607 | Hanseatic embassy sent to Spain. | Dollinger, xiv. |
1607 | Demmin withdraws from the Hanse. | Westholm, 67. |
1608 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1609 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1611 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1612 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1615 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1616 | Alliance between United Provinces and Hanse against Denmark. | Dollinger, xiv. |
1617 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1617 | In Peace of Stolbovo, Russia lost access to the Baltic Sea. | Kinder, 249. |
1618 | Hamburg obtains recognition as a free imperial city. | Dollinger, 363. |
1618 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1619 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1621 | Sweden captures Riga and the Livonian territories from Poland. | Dollinger, xiv; Kinder, 249. |
1621 | Hostilities break out between Spain and the Dutch, with the Hanse siding with Spain. | Dollinger, 351. |
1621 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1622 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1628 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1629 | Hansetag asks Bremen, Hamburg, and Lubeck to assume responsibility for the common interests of the Hanse and to act in those interests. | Dollinger, 365. |
1630 | Closer alliance between Lubeck, Bremen, and Hamburg largely supplants the Hanse. | Dollinger, xix. |
1630 | Hamburg, Bremen, and Lubeck agree to ten-year mutual defense treaty. | Dollinger, 365. |
1640 | Altona (outside of Hamburg) becomes part of Denmark. | Lonely Planet, 842. |
1645 | Stade conquered by Sweden. | Westholm, 58. |
1648 | Treaty of Westphalia ends Thirty Years War and gives Stralsund and Wismar to Sweden. | Westholm, 59, 64. |
1648 | Entire town of Uelzen razed by fire. | Westholm, 74. |
1655 | Hanse receives a beneficial trade agreement with France. | Dollinger, 366. |
1659 | Most of Stade destroyed by fire. | Lonely Planet, 856. |
1666 | Steelyard destroyed by fire. | Dollinger, 367. |
1669 | Last Hansetag held at Lubeck dissolves the Hanse. | Dollinger, xv. |
1669 | Hansetag held at Lubeck. | hanza.gdansk.gda.pl |
1677 | Great fire ravages Rostock. | Westholm, 73. |
1703 | St. Pauli Fish Market is institutionalized in Hamburg. | Lonely Planet, 841. |
1766 | Our Lady s Church (St.Mary s) in Bergen passes out of the Germans ownership. | Gade, 82. |
1766 | Bergen Kontor properties appropriated by the Norwegian crown. | Dollinger, 369. |
1814 | Denmark and Norway are seperated into two countries. | Gade, 96. |
1815 | Stralsund and Wismar become part of Prussia, having been Swedish since 1648. | Lonely Planet, 405. |
1853 | Steelyard properties sold by Hamburg, Bremen, and Lubeck. | Dollinger, 369. |
1862 | Hamburg, Bremen, and Lubeck sell Hanse s house at Antwerp. | Dollinger, 369. |
1867 | Altona (outside of Hamburg) becomes part of Prussia. | Lonely Planet, 842. |
1870 | Our Lady s Church (St.Mary s) in Bergen ceases to preach sermons in German. | Gade, 82. |
1937 | Lubeck loses its status as a free imperial city. | Lonely Planet, 864. |
1937 | Altona becomes part of Hamburg. | Lonely Planet, 842. |
1980 | Salt production in Luneberg ceases. | Westholm, 49. |