Audio Crossref Comment Greek
Verse (Click for Chapter)
New International Version
The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity and debauchery;New Living Translation
When you follow the desires of your sinful nature, the results are very clear: sexual immorality, impurity, lustful pleasures,English Standard Version
Now the works of the flesh are evident: sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality,Berean Standard Bible
The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity, and debauchery;Berean Literal Bible
Now the works of the flesh are evident, which are sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality,King James Bible
Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these; Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness,New King James Version
Now the works of the flesh are evident, which are: adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lewdness,New American Standard Bible
Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: sexual immorality, impurity, indecent behavior,NASB 1995
Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: immorality, impurity, sensuality,NASB 1977
Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: immorality, impurity, sensuality,Legacy Standard Bible
Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality,Amplified Bible
Now the practices of the sinful nature are clearly evident: they are sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality (total irresponsibility, lack of self-control),Christian Standard Bible
Now the works of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, moral impurity, promiscuity,Holman Christian Standard Bible
Now the works of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, moral impurity, promiscuity,American Standard Version
Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these: fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness,Contemporary English Version
People's desires make them give in to immoral ways, filthy thoughts, and shameful deeds. English Revised Version
Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness,GOD'S WORD® Translation
Now, the effects of the corrupt nature are obvious: illicit sex, perversion, promiscuity,Good News Translation
What human nature does is quite plain. It shows itself in immoral, filthy, and indecent actions; International Standard Version
Now the actions of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity, promiscuity, Majority Standard Bible
The acts of the flesh are obvious: adultery, sexual immorality, impurity, and debauchery;NET Bible
Now the works of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity, depravity,New Heart English Bible
Now the works of the flesh are obvious, which are: sexual immorality, uncleanness, lustfulness,Webster's Bible Translation
Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these, Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness,Weymouth New Testament
Now you know full well the doings of our lower natures. Fornication, impurity, indecency, idol-worship, sorcery;World English Bible
Now the deeds of the flesh are obvious, which are: adultery, sexual immorality, uncleanness, lustfulness,
Literal Translations
Literal Standard Version
And the works of the flesh are also evident, which are: adultery, whoredom, uncleanness, licentiousness,Berean Literal Bible
Now the works of the flesh are evident, which are sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality,Young's Literal Translation
And manifest also are the works of the flesh, which are: Adultery, whoredom, uncleanness, lasciviousness,Smith's Literal Translation
And the works of the flesh are manifest, which are; Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, licentiousness,
Catholic Translations
Douay-Rheims Bible
Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are fornication, uncleanness, immodesty, luxury, Catholic Public Domain Version
Now the works of the flesh are manifest; they are: fornication, lust, homosexuality, self-indulgence,New American Bible
Now the works of the flesh are obvious: immorality, impurity, licentiousness,New Revised Standard Version
Now the works of the flesh are obvious: fornication, impurity, licentiousness,
Translations from Aramaic
Lamsa Bible
For the works of the flesh are well-known, which are these: adultery, impurity, and lasciviousness,Aramaic Bible in Plain English
For the works of the flesh are known, which are fornication, impurity, whoredom,
NT Translations
Anderson New Testament
Now the works of the flesh are well known, and they are these—lewdness, uncleanness, wantonness,Godbey New Testament
But the works of carnality are manifest, which are fornication, uncleanness, debauchery,Haweis New Testament
Now the works of the flesh are evident, which are these: adultery, whoredom, impurity, lasciviousness,Mace New Testament
now the effects of vicious passions are manifestly these, fornication, uncleanness,Weymouth New Testament
Now you know full well the doings of our lower natures. Fornication, impurity, indecency, idol-worship, sorcery;Worrell New Testament
Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness,Worsley New Testament
Now the works of the flesh are manifest, such as, adultery, fornication, uncleanness,Additional Translations ...
Audio Bible
Context
Living by the Spirit
…18But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the law. 19 The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity, and debauchery; 20idolatry and sorcery; hatred, discord, jealousy, and rage; rivalries, divisions, factions,…
Cross References
Romans 1:29-31
They have become filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed, and depravity. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, and malice. They are gossips, / slanderers, God-haters, insolent, arrogant, and boastful. They invent new forms of evil; they disobey their parents. / They are senseless, faithless, heartless, merciless.1 Corinthians 6:9-10
Do you not know that the wicked will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: Neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who submit to or perform homosexual acts, / nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor verbal abusers, nor swindlers, will inherit the kingdom of God.Ephesians 5:3-5
But among you, as is proper among the saints, there must not be even a hint of sexual immorality, or of any kind of impurity, or of greed. / Nor should there be obscenity, foolish talk, or crude joking, which are out of character, but rather thanksgiving. / For of this you can be sure: No immoral, impure, or greedy person (that is, an idolater) has any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and of God.Colossians 3:5-6
Put to death, therefore, the components of your earthly nature: sexual immorality, impurity, lust, evil desires, and greed, which is idolatry. / Because of these, the wrath of God is coming on the sons of disobedience.2 Timothy 3:1-5
But understand this: In the last days terrible times will come. / For men will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boastful, arrogant, abusive, disobedient to their parents, ungrateful, unholy, / unloving, unforgiving, slanderous, without self-control, brutal, without love of good, ...1 Peter 4:3
For you have spent enough time in the past carrying out the same desires as the Gentiles: living in debauchery, lust, drunkenness, orgies, carousing, and detestable idolatry.Revelation 21:8
But to the cowardly and unbelieving and abominable and murderers and sexually immoral and sorcerers and idolaters and all liars, their place will be in the lake that burns with fire and sulfur. This is the second death.”Revelation 22:15
But outside are the dogs, the sorcerers, the sexually immoral, the murderers, the idolaters, and everyone who loves and practices falsehood.Matthew 15:19
For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false testimony, and slander.Mark 7:21-23
For from within the hearts of men come evil thoughts, sexual immorality, theft, murder, adultery, / greed, wickedness, deceit, debauchery, envy, slander, arrogance, and foolishness. / All these evils come from within, and these are what defile a man.”1 Thessalonians 4:3-5
For it is God’s will that you should be holy: You must abstain from sexual immorality; / each of you must know how to control his own body in holiness and honor, / not in lustful passion like the Gentiles who do not know God;James 3:14-16
But if you harbor bitter jealousy and selfish ambition in your hearts, do not boast in it or deny the truth. / Such wisdom does not come from above, but is earthly, unspiritual, demonic. / For where jealousy and selfish ambition exist, there will be disorder and every evil practice.1 John 3:4
Everyone who practices sin practices lawlessness as well. Indeed, sin is lawlessness.Proverbs 6:16-19
There are six things that the LORD hates, seven that are detestable to Him: / haughty eyes, a lying tongue, hands that shed innocent blood, / a heart that devises wicked schemes, feet that run swiftly to evil, ...Proverbs 23:29-35
Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has needless wounds? Who has bloodshot eyes? / Those who linger over wine, who go to taste mixed drinks. / Do not gaze at wine while it is red, when it sparkles in the cup and goes down smoothly. ...
Treasury of Scripture
Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these; Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness,
the works.
Galatians 5:13,17 For, brethren, ye have been called unto liberty; only use not liberty for an occasion to the flesh, but by love serve one another…
Galatians 6:8 For he that soweth to his flesh shall of the flesh reap corruption; but he that soweth to the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap life everlasting.
Psalm 17:4 Concerning the works of men, by the word of thy lips I have kept me from the paths of the destroyer.
Adultery.
Ezekiel 22:6-13 Behold, the princes of Israel, every one were in thee to their power to shed blood…
Matthew 15:18,19 But those things which proceed out of the mouth come forth from the heart; and they defile the man…
Mark 7:21-23 For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders, …
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Acts Adultery Clear Deeds Desire Doings Evident Evil Flesh Fornication Full Idol-Worship Immorality Impurity Licentiousness Lustfulness Manifest Natures Obvious Plain Senses Sensuality Sexual Sinful Sorcery Unclean Uncleanness Use Whoredom Works Wrong
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Acts Adultery Clear Deeds Desire Doings Evident Evil Flesh Fornication Full Idol-Worship Immorality Impurity Licentiousness Lustfulness Manifest Natures Obvious Plain Senses Sensuality Sexual Sinful Sorcery Unclean Uncleanness Use Whoredom Works Wrong
Galatians 5
1. He wills them to stand in their liberty,
3. and not to observe circumcision;
13. but rather love, which is the sum of the law.
19. He lists the works of the flesh,
22. and the fruits of the Spirit,
25. and exhorts to walk in the Spirit.
Berean Study Bible
The acts of the flesh
This phrase refers to the sinful nature inherent in humanity due to the Fall. The Greek word for "flesh" is "sarx," which often denotes the human nature in its fallen state, prone to sin and opposed to the Spirit. In a historical context, the early church was surrounded by pagan cultures that indulged in various fleshly acts, making this warning particularly relevant. The "acts" are the manifestations of living according to this sinful nature, as opposed to living by the Spirit.
are obvious
The Greek word "phanera" means "evident" or "manifest." Paul emphasizes that these acts are not hidden or subtle; they are clear and recognizable. In the context of the early church, these behaviors were visibly contrary to the teachings of Christ and the apostles. This clarity serves as a warning to believers to discern and avoid such behaviors.
sexual immorality
The Greek term "porneia" encompasses a range of illicit sexual activities, including fornication, adultery, and other forms of sexual sin. In the Greco-Roman world, sexual immorality was rampant and often intertwined with religious practices. For the early Christians, abstaining from such acts was a radical departure from the surrounding culture and a testament to their commitment to holiness.
impurity
The word "akatharsia" in Greek refers to moral uncleanness in thought, word, and deed. It goes beyond physical acts to include the internal state of a person. Historically, this term would resonate with Jewish concepts of purity, where both external and internal cleanliness were vital. For Christians, it underscores the call to purity in all aspects of life, reflecting the holiness of God.
and debauchery
"Debauchery" is translated from the Greek word "aselgeia," which implies a lack of restraint and an indulgence in sensual pleasures. This term suggests a shamelessness and a public flaunting of sin. In the context of the early church, such behavior was not only sinful but also damaging to the witness of the Christian community. It serves as a reminder of the importance of self-control and the pursuit of a life that honors God.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
(19) Now the works of the flesh are manifest.--It needs no elaborate disquisition to show what is meant by fulfilling the lust of the flesh. The effects which the flesh produces are plain and obvious enough. The catalogue which follows is not drawn up on any exact scientific principle, but divides itself roughly under four heads: (1) sins of sensuality; (2) sins of superstition; (3) sins of temper; (4) excesses.
It has been said that all our sinfulness may be resolved "into two elementary instincts: the instinct of self-preservation and the reproductive instinct." The third class of sins--sins of temper--would be referred to the first of the heads; sins of sensuality and excess--the one immediately, the other more remotely--to the second. The sins of superstition mentioned are of a more secondary character, and arise out of intellectual errors.
Adultery.--This word is omitted in the best MSS.
Uncleanness, lasciviousness.--The first of these words signifies any kind of impurity, secret or open; the second flagrant breaches of public decency.
Pulpit Commentary
Verse 19. - Now the works of the flesh are manifest (φανερὰ δέ ἐστι τὰ ἔργα τῆς σαρκός). The apostle's purpose is here altogether one of practical exhortation. Having in ver. 13 emphatically warned the Galatians against making their emancipation from the Mosaic Law an occasion for the flesh, and in ver. 16 affirmed the incompatibility of a spiritual walk with the fulfilment of the desire of the flesh, he now specifies samples of the vices, whether in outward conduct or in inward feeling, in which the working of the flesh is apparent, as if cautioning them; adducing just those into which the Galatian converts would naturally be most in danger of falling. Both in the list which he gives them of .,ins, and in that of Christian graces, he is careful to note those relative to their Church life as well as those bearing upon their personal private life. Instances of enumeration of sins which may be compared with that here given, are found, with respect to the heathen world, in Romans 1:29-31; with reference to Christians, Romans 13:13; 1 Corinthians 6:9, 10; 2 Corinthians 12:20, 21; Ephesians 5:3-5, followed by a brief indication of fruits of the Spirit in ver. 9; Colossians 3:5-9; 1 Timothy 1:9, 10; 2 Timothy 3:2-4. "Manifest;" namely, to our moral sense; we at once feel that these are the outcome of an evil nature, and are incompatible with the influence of the Spirit of God. "Works of the flesh" means works in which the prompting of the flesh is recognizable. The phrase is equivalent to "the deeds or doings of the body," which we are called to "mortify, put to death, by the Spirit" (Romans 8:13). In Romans 13:12 and Ephesians 5:13 they are styled "works of darkness," that is, works belonging properly to a state in which the moral sense has not been quickened by the Spirit, or in which the light of Christ's presence has not shone. Which are these (ἅτινά ἐτι); of which sort are. Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness (πορνεία [Receptus, μοιχεία πορνεία], ἀκαθαρσία ἀσέλγεια). This is the first group, consisting of offences against chastity - sins against which the Church has to contend in all ages and in all countries; but which idolatry, especially such idolatry as that of Cybele in Galatia, has generally much fostered. The first in our English Bible, "adultery," is rejected from the Greek text by the general consent of editors. But in fact, "fornication" (πορνεία) may be taken as including it (Matthew 5:32), though it may also stand at its side as a distinct species of unchastity. "uncleanness" covers a wider range of sensual sin ("all uncleanness," Ephesians 4:19); solitary impurity, whether in thought or deed; unnatural lust (Romans 1:24), though it can hardly be taken as meaning this lust alone. "Lasciviousness," or "wantonness," is scarcely an adequate rendering of ἀσέλγεια in this connection; it appears to point to reckless shamelessness in unclean indulgences. In classical Greek the adjective ἀσέλγης describes a man insolently and wantonly reckless in his treatment of others; but in the New Testament it generally appears to point more specifically to unabashed open indulgence in impurity. The noun is connected with "uncleanness" and "fornication' 'in 2 Corinthians 12:21; with "uncleanness' ' in Ephesians 4:19; is used of the men of Sodom in 2 Peter 2:7; comp. also 2 Peter 2:18; l Peter 4:3; Jude 1:4 (cf. 7). Only in Mark 7:22 can it from the grouping be naturally taken in its classical sense. Parallel Commentaries ...
Greek
The
τὰ (ta)
Article - Nominative Neuter Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.
acts
ἔργα (erga)
Noun - Nominative Neuter Plural
Strong's 2041: From a primary ergo; toil; by implication, an act.
of the
τῆς (tēs)
Article - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.
flesh
σαρκός (sarkos)
Noun - Genitive Feminine Singular
Strong's 4561: Flesh, body, human nature, materiality; kindred.
are
ἐστιν (estin)
Verb - Present Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular
Strong's 1510: I am, exist. The first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist.
obvious:
Φανερὰ (Phanera)
Adjective - Nominative Neuter Plural
Strong's 5318: Apparent, clear, visible, manifest; adv: clearly. From phaino; shining, i.e. Apparent; neuter publicly, externally.
sexual immorality,
πορνεία (porneia)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 4202: Fornication, whoredom; met: idolatry. From porneuo; harlotry; figuratively, idolatry.
impurity,
ἀκαθαρσία (akatharsia)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 167: Uncleanness, impurity. From akathartos; impurity, physically or morally.
[and] debauchery;
ἀσέλγεια (aselgeia)
Noun - Nominative Feminine Singular
Strong's 766: From a compound of a and a presumed selges; licentiousness.
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